Acne

[[Anim 83]] Acne (also known as pimples) is a common condition of the skin in which pores on the face, neck, chest or back become plug

Acromegaly

Acromegaly is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by the presence of too much growth hormone - GH and IGF-I hypersecretion. Growth hormone is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland in response to G

Addison's Disease

Addison's Disease is a disease of the Adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are two small glands located atop each respective kidney, weighing only 8-10 grams together. The adrenal glands are divided int

Breast Pain

Breast pain (mastalgia) and other breast changes are common from early development in girls, through menstruation and f

Chromaffin Tumours (Phaeochromocytoma)

A chromaffin tumour or phaeochromocytoma is a tumour of the adrenal gland. It usually develops in the medulla (center or core) of one

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Adrenogenital syndromes)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and adrenogenital syndromes are diseases of the Adrenal glands. The adrenal cortex is divided into three zones which synthesise three different types of hormones:

Congenital hypothyroidism (Cretinism)

[[Anim 91]] Congenital hypothyroidism is a disease of the thyroid gland; this is an endocrine gland located in the anterior neck. The main hormones secreted by the thyroid gland are mostly thyroxin

Conn's syndrome

Conn's syndrome is a disease of the Adrenal gland. The adrenal aglands are situated adjacent (superomedial) to the kidneys. Each adrenal gland is composed of an inner medulla, and outer cortex. The

Cushing's syndrome

Cushing's syndrome refers to the syndrome associated with excessive levels of a type of hormones - glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids (mainly cortisol) are secreted naturally by the adrenal cortex in re

Diabetes Insipidus

[[Anim 14]] Diabetes Insipidus causes impaired vasopressin (hormone that regulates the kidneys) secretion or renal resistance to its action. There is an excessive and persistant discharge of urine, th

Diabetes Insipidus - central

[[Anim 14]] Diabetes Insipidus-central occurs as a result of a disorder in the hypothalamus or pituitary gland in the brain. Diabetes insipidus (DI) is an uncommon condition that occurs when the ki

Diabetes Insipidus - nephrogenic

[[Anim 14]] Diabetes insipidus (DI) is an uncommon condition that occurs when the kidneys are unable to conserve water as they perform their function of filtering blood. The amount of water conserved

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (insulin dependent, juvenile onset)

[[Anim 14]] Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic syndrome defined by an inability to produce

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (non-insulin dependent, mature age onset)

[[Anim 14]] Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic syndrome defined by resistance to the hormone Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the hallmark of type 1 (Diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage that happens in people who have

Diabetic Retinopathy (Diabetic eye disease)

[[Anim 40]] Diabetic retinopathy refers to changes in the retina that occur with diabetes mellitus. It is characterised by progressive damage to the eye'

Dysmenorrhoea

Dys - painful; meno - month; rrhea - flow.

Dysmenorrhoea refers to pain occurring before or during

Endometriosis

[[Anim 23]] Endometriosis is a common condition which is affected by oestrogen. It is associated with pelvic pain and inf

Goitre thyroid enlargement

[[Anim 91]] Goitre thyroid enlargement is a disease of the thyroid<

Graves' Disease

Graves' Disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis (increased activity of the thyroid gland). The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

[[Anim 91]] Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a disease of the thyroid gland. The

Hypercalcaemic Nephropathy

Hypercalcaemic nephropathy involves the kidney and urinary tract, and also encompasses kidney damage related to excessive amounts of calcium in the blood.

Hyperparathyroidism

[[Anim 91]] Hyperparathyroidism is a disease of the Parathyroid glands.

Hyperprolactinaemia

Hyperprolactinaemia is defined as an elevation of prolactin level above 25ng/ml in women of childbearing age and above 20ng/ml in men and post-menopausal women. It occurs in the Pituitary gland whi

Hyperthyroidism

[[Anim 91]] Hyperthyroidism is an imbalance of metabolism caused by overproduction of thyroid hormone. The thyroid gland is located in the neck. It produces seve

Hypoadrenalism (includes Addison's disease)

Hypoadrenalism is a disease of the entire adrenal cortex.

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (Gonadotropin deficiency; Kallmann syndrome; Secondary hypogonadism )

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism causes an absent or decreased gonadal function (the male testis or the female ovary) resulting from the absence of the gonadal stimulating pituitary hormones FSH (follicl

Hypopituitarism

Hypopituitarism is a disease of the Pituitary Gland. It does not generally manifest until more than 75% of the gland is destroyed.

Hypothyroidism

[[Anim 91]]

Hypothyroidism causes underactivit

Male Hypogonadism (Gonadal deficiency)

Male hypogonadism refers to an inability of the testes to produce testosterone (male sex hormone), sperm or both. The condition is also referred to as testosterone deficiency. The testicles are ov

Menopause

Virtual Medical Centre Video

Click risk factors that can potentially contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease (disease of the heart a

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia II (MEN II) (Sipple's syndrome)

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia II (MEN II) or Sipple's syndrome occurs when patients develop a type of thyroid cancer accompanied by recurring cancer of the adrenal glands. One type of this disease (

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (Endocrine Adenomatosis or Wermer's syndrome)

Multiple Endocrine Adenomatosis or Wermer's syndrome is a disorder of the endocrine glands; the parathyroids are the earliest and most often affected by MEN1. The human body normally has four para

Osteitis fibrosa (Osteitis fibrosa cystica)

Osteitis fibrosa is a complication of hyperparathyroidism (excess parathryroid hormone production) in which bone is softened, deformed and has the potential to devel

Pituitary dwarfism (Growth hormone deficiency, Panhypopituitarism)

Pituitary dwarfism involves abnormally short stature with normal body proportions. Pituitary dwarfism can be categorized as either congenital (present at birth) or acquired.

Pituitary infarction (apoplexy)

Pituitary infarction or pituitary apoplexy is a disorder of the pituitary gland.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is a common condition characterised by men

Postpartum Thyroiditis

[[Anim 91]] Postpartum Thyroiditis is a disorder of the Thyroid Gland.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

[[Anim 53]] Premenstrual dysphoric disorder or PMDD is a condition associated with severe emotional and physical problems that are linked closely to the menstrual cycle. Symptoms occur regularly i

Prolactinoma

A prolactinoma is a prolactin-producing tumour of the pituitary gland. These tumours come in various sizes, but the vast majority are less than 10mm in diameter.

Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)

Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) is a disease of the kidneys - Namely the renal tubules. There are three main types of renal tubular acidosis - Type one, type two, and type four. Type three renal tubu

Sheehan's syndrome (Postpartum hypopituitarism, Postpartum pituitary insufficiency)

Sheehan's syndrome is a condition that may occur in a woman who has a severe uterine hemorrhage during childbirth. The resulting severe blood loss causes tissue death in her pituitary gland and leads

Stretch marks (Striae distensae)

Stretch marks (also known as striae distensae) are part of a condition affecting the skin, and are commonly found in the population.

Subacute thyroiditis (De Quervain's Thyroiditis)

[[Anim 91]] Subacute thyroiditis or De Quervain's Thyroiditis is a disease of the Thyroid Gland.

Sudeck's atrophy (Reflex sympathetic dystrophy, Complex regional pain syndrome 1)(Complex regional pain syndrome (Sudeck's atrophy, Reflex sympathetic dystrophy))

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome or Sudeck's atrophy involves a disturbance in the sympathetic nervous system. The latter is the the network of nerves that controls many bodily functions - and in

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH))

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) is the continued ADH secretion in spite of plasma hypotonicity and a normal or expanded plasma volume.

Turners Syndrome (Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome; Gonadal dysgenesis; Monosomy X)

Turners Syndrome is the complete or partial chromosomal abnormality consisting of the absence of the X chromosome.

Undescended testes (cryptorchidism)

Undescended testes or cryptorchidism occurs when one or both testicles fail to move into the scrotum prior to birth. The testicles develop before birth in the abdominal cavity and normally descend int

Virtual Endocrine Centre Full Disease List